I) Gavarnie Massif

The ramparts of the Gavarnie Massif flank the cirque through which the “Le Grand Cascade” waterfall flows, whose waterfall is considered to be the steepest in Europe.

Summits such as Gran and Petit Astazú (3,071 and 3,012 m) and Marboré (3,248 m), which links up with the sectors of Monte Perdido, the Tres Picos de la Cascada (3,105 m), Espalda and Torre de Marboré (3,093 and 3,099 m), Casco (3,006 m), and finally Taillón and Gabieto (3,144 and 3,034 m).093 and 3,099 m), El Casco (3,006 m),  together with the Rolando Gap (2,807 m), guard a set of Glaciers in clear regression.

During the Little Ice Age, with 260.5 ha, it contained the 4th largest glacier area in the Pyrenees and 11% of the ice in the mountain range.

Between 1982 and 1985, 10 glaciers and 2 ice fields were recorded. All of them were in Occitan territory, except for the Aragonese glaciers of Sur Taillon (73) and the western part of Tourettes (76). In the last 40 years, 4 of them have become extinct and only the Taillon glacier is still classified as a glacier, although it is in clear transition to an ice field.

In 2024, the ice extent of the massif was 13.7 ha, ranking 4th among the Pyrenean massifs in terms of glacial ice surface. It is estimated that this massif has lost 94% of its extension since the Little Ice Age.